The Logtalk Handbook

Contents:

• User Manual
  • Main features
    • Integration of logic and object-oriented programming
    • Integration of event-driven and object-oriented programming
    • Support for component-based programming
    • Support for both prototype and class-based systems
    • Support for multiple object hierarchies
    • Separation between interface and implementation
    • Private, protected and public inheritance
    • Private, protected and public object predicates
    • Parametric objects
    • High level multi-threading programming support
    • Smooth learning curve
    • Compatibility with most Prolog systems and the ISO standard
    • Performance
    • Logtalk scope
  • Nomenclature
    • C++ nomenclature
    • Java nomenclature
  • Messages
    • Operators used in message sending
    • Sending a message to an object
    • Delegating a message to an object
    • Sending a message to self
    • Broadcasting
    • Calling imported and inherited predicates
    • Message sending and event generation
  • Objects
    • Objects, prototypes, classes, and instances
    • Defining a new object
    • Parametric objects
    • Finding defined objects
    • Creating a new object in runtime
    • Abolishing an existing object
    • Object directives
    • Object relationships
    • Object properties
    • Built-in objects
  • Protocols
    • Defining a new protocol
    • Finding defined protocols
    • Creating a new protocol in runtime
    • Abolishing an existing protocol
    • Protocol directives
    • Protocol relationships
    • Protocol properties
    • Implementing protocols
    • Built-in protocols
  • Categories
    • Defining a new category
    • Finding defined categories
    • Creating a new category in runtime
    • Abolishing an existing category
    • Category directives
    • Category relationships
    • Category properties
    • Importing categories
    • Calling category predicates
    • Parametric categories
  • Predicates
    • Reserved predicate names
    • Declaring predicates
    • Defining predicates
    • Built-in object predicates (methods)
    • Predicate properties
    • Finding declared predicates
    • Calling Prolog built-in predicates
    • Calling Prolog user-defined predicates
  • Inheritance
    • Protocol inheritance
    • Implementation inheritance
    • Public, protected, and private inheritance
    • Composition versus multiple inheritance
  • Event-driven programming
    • Definitions
    • Event generation
    • Communicating events to monitors
    • Performance concerns
    • Monitor semantics
    • Activation order of monitors
    • Event handling
  • Multi-threading programming
    • Enabling multi-threading support
    • Enabling objects to make multi-threading calls
    • Multi-threading built-in predicates
    • One-way asynchronous calls
    • Asynchronous calls and synchronized predicates
    • Synchronizing threads through notifications
    • Threaded engines
    • Multi-threading performance
  • Error handling
    • Compiler warnings and errors
    • Runtime errors
  • Documenting applications
    • Documenting directives
    • Processing and viewing documenting files
    • Inline formatting in comments text
  • Performance
    • Local predicate calls
    • Calls to imported or inherited predicates
    • Calls to module predicates
    • Messages
    • Inlining
    • Generated code simplification and optimizations
    • Other considerations
  • Installing Logtalk
    • Hardware and software requirements
    • Logtalk installers
    • Source distribution
    • Directories and files organization
  • Writing, running, and debugging applications
    • Writing applications
    • Compiling and running applications
    • Debugging applications
  • Prolog integration and migration guide
    • Source files with both Prolog code and Logtalk code
    • Encapsulating plain Prolog code in objects
    • Converting Prolog modules into objects
    • Compiling Prolog modules as objects
    • Dealing with proprietary Prolog directives and predicates
    • Calling Prolog module predicates
    • Compiling Prolog module multifile predicates
• Reference Manual
  • Grammar
    • Entities
    • Object definition
    • Category definition
    • Protocol definition
    • Entity relations
    • Entity identifiers
    • Source file names
    • Terms
    • Directives
    • Clauses and goals
    • Lambda expressions
    • Entity properties
    • Predicate properties
    • Compiler flags
  • Control constructs
    • Message sending
    • Message delegation
    • Calling imported and inherited predicates
    • Calling external predicates
    • Context switching calls
  • Directives
    • Source file directives
    • Conditional compilation directives
    • Entity directives
    • Predicate directives
  • Built-in predicates
    • Enumerating objects, categories and protocols
    • Enumerating objects, categories and protocols properties
    • Creating new objects, categories and protocols
    • Abolishing objects, categories and protocols
    • Objects, categories, and protocols relations
    • Event handling
    • Multi-threading
    • Multi-threading engines
    • Compiling and loading source files
    • Flags
  • Built-in methods
    • Execution context
    • Reflection
    • Database
    • Meta-calls
    • Error handling
    • All solutions
    • Event handling
    • Message forwarding
    • Definite clause grammar rules
    • Term and goal expansion
    • Coinduction hooks
    • Message printing
    • Question asking
• Tutorial
  • List predicates
    • Defining a list object
    • Defining a list protocol
    • Summary
  • Dynamic object attributes
    • Defining a category
    • Importing the category
    • Summary
  • A reflective class-based system
    • Defining the base classes
    • Summary
  • Profiling programs
    • Messages as events
    • Profilers as monitors
    • Summary
• FAQ
  • General
    • Why are all versions of Logtalk numbered 2.x or 3.x?
    • Why do I need a Prolog compiler to use Logtalk?
    • Is the Logtalk implementation based on Prolog modules?
    • Does the Logtalk implementation use term-expansion?
  • Compatibility
    • What are the backend Prolog compiler requirements to run Logtalk?
    • Can I use constraint-based packages with Logtalk?
    • Can I use Logtalk objects and Prolog modules at the same time?
  • Installation
    • The integration scripts/shortcuts are not working!
    • I get errors when starting up Logtalk after upgrading to the latest version!
  • Portability
    • Are my Logtalk applications portable across Prolog compilers?
    • Are my Logtalk applications portable across operating systems?
  • Programming
    • Should I use prototypes or classes in my application?
    • Can I use both classes and prototypes in the same application?
    • Can I mix classes and prototypes in the same hierarchy?
    • Can I use a protocol or a category with both prototypes and classes?
    • What support is provided in Logtalk for defining and using components?
    • What support is provided in Logtalk for reflective programming?
  • Troubleshooting
    • Using compiler options on calls to the Logtalk compiling and loading predicates do not work!
    • Gecko-based browsers (e.g. Firefox) show non-rendered HTML entities when browsing XML documenting files!
    • Compiling a source file results in errors or warnings but the Logtalk compiler reports a successful compilation with zero errors and zero warnings!
  • Usability
    • Is there a shortcut for compiling and loading source files?
    • Is there an equivalent directive to the ensure_loaded/1 Prolog directive?
    • Are there shortcuts for the make functionality?
  • Deployment
    • Can I create standalone applications with Logtalk?
  • Performance
    • Is Logtalk implemented as a meta-interpreter?
    • What kind of code Logtalk generates when compiling objects? Dynamic code? Static code?
    • How about message-sending performance? Does Logtalk use static binding or dynamic binding?
    • Which Prolog-dependent factors are most crucial for good Logtalk performance?
    • How does Logtalk performance compare with plain Prolog and with Prolog modules?
  • Licensing
    • What’s the Logtalk distribution license?
    • Can Logtalk be used in commercial applications?
    • What’s the final license for a combination of Logtalk with a Prolog compiler?
  • Support
    • Are there professional consulting, training and supporting services?
• Glossary
• Bibliography

• Index

• Search Page